Improved railway



J. w. COCHRAN. RAILWAY GAR .SPRING.

110.92267. I Patented July' 6,v 1869.

- daited Agisten aient dtiiiiirr.

J.- W.'COC'HRAN, OAF NEW YRK,N-.'Y.

Leners Parent No. 92.267, zaad Juzg o, 1369.

` IMPROVE!) RAILWAYfCAR SPRING.

The Schedule referred to in these Lette-rs Patent and making part of the lame..

To all whom it may concern; Be it known that I, J. W. COCHRAN, of the city,

' county, and State'of New York, have invented a new anduseful Improvement ir. Sprjngs Applicable to Railroad or Street-Cars, and other purposes, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, forming part of this specication, and in which- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal outside view of a spring constructed in accordauce'with my inverr' tion;

Figure 2, a mainly sectional .view thereof, taken in direction ot' its length;

l possesses large or increased etticiencyg together with lightness and other advantages. To this end, spira'. metallic springs have been introduced, as centralcores, to rubber springs of an annularcharacter, and have also been let into cavities made in the body of the rubber surrounding the central'opening, and, in some cases, the spiral springs filled with a core of hard-- pressed wool; also, the rubber, on its exterior, bound by metallic springs of ay divided hoop or clasp-form; but most of these constructions or combinations either fail to sec-nre the springs from doubling or bending, or

lelse are too rigid, or expose the rubber .to being out and burst by the spiral metal springs within them, and I are otherwise objectionable.

-My invention consists in a certain combination or' combinationsof telescopio tubes, or sections of tubes, arranged to form walls `or supports to a central spiral spring, and surrounding rubber one, ot' annular form,

whereby, while thecombination-spring'thus produced is of a hollow or tubular-chamcter, the springs are re strained .ii'orn doubling, or being bent-out of axial line, and are sttfened and supported, yet free to actfindepcndently, and in concert, without contact of the spiral spring and rubber, or danger of the former cutting or bursting the latter-,aud a powerful yet easy-Operating spring is produced.'

Referring, in the irst instance, to gs. 1, 2, and 3, ol' the drawing- 'A represents a spiral steelspring, arrarg'ed centrally within and throughout the length of t le eye of an annular rubber spring, B, but not so as to form a close fit within the same.

Surrounding the 'spiral springiA, in afree orloose manner, both as regards it andthe rubber springB,

within which they lie, are telescopic sleeves'or tubes,

G O, arranged to 'extend the length of thecombined spr-inganni connected with the same at its'ends, so as to close, one within the other,when the springs are compressed, and to draw out'with thedatter, when expanded.

Similar telescopic sleeves, D D, maybe arranged, for like operation, within 4the spiral spring A.

rlhese several telescopio sleeves, which may be made of thin'sheet-iron, are in'rroways designed to operate as springs; but, to make them available as vwalls or. supports to the springs A and B, and to provide for expansion and contraction of said springs ina trans' verse direction, 'accordingly as they are. compressed or allowed to' relax, said sleeves C C and I) D are divided irr direction of their length, and,vpre ferably, made to overlap where' divided;v or, more than one such division may bernade, as shown in iig. 3, so that the telescopic sleeves vthus-made -up in sectionsby longitudinal'divisions of them, constitute st avcs, as it were, to support. the springs A and B, without objectionably lrestrict-ing the transverse expansion or contraction of said springs, which they not only sti'en,

while securing freedom of action, butkeep apart, and-- prevent from rubbing/against or cutting, the `one into the. other, and whereby any lateral pressure of' the springs is spread, in azuniform manner, over an extendedsurface, without any possibility ot' the springs doubling or bending under pressure applied to them,o

and a comparatively frictionless and easy action se-Y cured to them.

A combination-spring thus made is, at once, b oth powerful, strong, and durable.

Surrounding the rubber spring `on vits louts`ide',`

may be a further telescopic'tub'e or case, E Etapa- 'neeted, by overlapping tlanges, or otherwise, at its ends, with'the rnbber,ffbut, preferably, .not divided. longitudinally, and being of such internal diameter as to leave a sufficient space between it and the-rubber", to relievethe latter' ot' lateral friction or contact with it, excepting when the closing-pressure is being applied vto v'the spring, when such outer sleeve or case serves to gradually stitfeu the whole spring, and, o n. extreme pressure being applied,.to bind or hold the rubber, .as it were, at its set, and to restrain the spiral spring iiiom-shutting or bumping, whereby injury to orbreakage ofthe springs is avoided.

'Combination-springs constructedas described, may

either' be used singly, or, as represented in Afigs. 4 and.'v

5, in clusters, byjarrangingV thenuat their ends, von or around pin-like projections entering their central 'cavi-'f ties, and within recesses made -iu suitable end-plates,

the one of which may be a fixed head-pltqand the other a follower, or both followersfacoording to, the purpose the spring .is designed to beapplied to.

Whatis here claimed, and desired to befsecured by Letters latent, is'- V 1. The combination, with metallic spiral spring, and surrounding rubber one, of a. telescopic tube or sleeves, an'anged to surround the spiral spring', and

side o r surrounding rubber spring', substantially as specified.

4. The coinbilmtionLwitli miinner metallic spiral spring, and surrounding rubber one, of a telescopic tube or nase; arranged to freely surround. on `its oub- `side, or enclose the rubber spring, substantially as def scribed.

J. W; COCHRAN. Witnesses: l

FRED. HAYNEs, J. W. UooMBs. 

